Just like any branch of medicine, there are numerous and equally interesting sub-fields in dentistry. There is general dentistry, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, endodontics, and oral surgery, just to name a few. General dentistry is the field that all dentistry students go to right after graduation. This is a broad field on its own, and if dentistry graduates want to further their studies, they can choose any subspecialty field they like.
General dentists are able to practice dentistry right away after passing the board exams. As a general dentist, their license allows them to setup their own practice in any town or city they like to, or they can join a dental practice, and retain the title of being a general dentist.
General dentists are able to treat a wide variety of patients. This is one of the perks of not choosing a subspecialty. They are often called family dentists since they can assess, diagnose, and treat small children, teenagers, adults and elderly. By being a general dentist, they are exposed to a large number of clientele that will hone their skills, and solidify their practice through time.
However, general dentists can have limits too. Since they did not undergo further subspecialty studies, they are not able to treat cases that will need specific skills. For example, if a patient wishes to have braces, the general dentist will need to refer the patient to an orthodontist who specializes in this area.
A general dentist can have knowledge in orthodontics, but he may not practice it, since he does not have the necessary education credits, and his license limits him from doing so.
A general dentist can still perform simple procedures like tooth extractions, tooth cleaning, general dental care procedures, and also prescribe basic dental medications. However, if a specific dental issue needs further investigation and assessment, the general dentist will likely refer the case to a specialist. A dentist who has specialized in a specific field of dental practice will be able to provide a more detailed diagnosis, and provide a highly nuanced course of treatment that a general dentist may not be able to give.
It is all up to you whether you visit a general dentist, or a specialist for your dental checkup. A specialist dentist can practice general dentistry along with the application of his specialization. Sometimes it is better to seek such multi-skilled dentists. If there is none in your area, there is nothing wrong with relying on your local family dentist.
If you have a specific dental issue, and want a highly specialized dental care, it is best to be referred to a dental specialist. However, for most dental health concerns, a general dentist will be able to competently care for your issues. Also, the cost for consulting a general dentist is generally lower compared to those of the specialists.